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Trees

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Since the Cretaceous Period 146-65 million years ago, trees throughout the world have evolved into the magnificent specimens we see today. The last ice age, which started to retreat from the British Isles some 12,000 years ago, wiped out most of the trees and so the relatively few trees we now call native were introduced before the landmass of the English Channel filled with water. Most of the trees we now see in our parks and gardens were the result of an introduction of plants from various parts of the world by plant hunters.

Trees, like all living things on the planet, have a given life span. It is rare to see a silver birch tree over 100 years old, however, our native oak tree will often exceed 400 years in age, whilst the giant redwood in America (see conifers) are often found as immense specimens exceeding 1000 years in age.

Before purchasing a tree, you must think of the conditions it exists in the country where it grows naturally. Trees from warmer climates are unable to withstand our cold, wet conditions and exposed sites. Size is also a factor, as many trees such as Poplar, Ash, Elm and Sycamore will soon form very large tree and are unsuitable for the smaller garden.

Once you have considered your site and soil conditions, you must then consider the four ‘F’s’; these being FORM, FOLIAGE, FLOWERS, and FRUIT.

FORM:- Trees have evolved with habits that vary not only in size, but also in shape; they can either be upright, round headed, with a weeping habit, and so on. It is the form of a tree that should be your first consideration. Narrow, upright trees are ideal not only for the smaller garden, but also to use as focal points in small beds and lawns. Trees with rounded heads will often grow almost the same width as they do in height. Weeping trees are often sited badly and so constant pruning is necessary to restrict their width. Nurserymen also produce miniature trees by grafting dwarf or prostrate shrubs onto the top of a trunk of a stronger growing related species. These are ideal to grow either in very small gardens or in containers.

FOLIAGE:- The foliage of trees could be thought of as the factory and engine room, where chlorophyll (the green part of a leaf) converts sunlight into the energy which helps the tree to grow. In the temperate parts of the world, the majority of trees are deciduous, losing their leaves during the winter. However, there are a number with evergreen leaves and these add attraction throughout the year. It is also possible to purchase trees with purple, grey, gold, or even with cream, pink and silver variegation and these give added interest to a garden.

FLOWERS:- The flowers are the reproduction organs of all flowering plants and most are have attractive petals or scent to attract pollinating insects, bees, butterflies and moths. There are numerous flowering trees to choose from that flower during the spring, summer, or winter. Spring and summer flowering trees are generally the most sought after, but if you have room, why not plant a winter flowering tree? This will give interest in the garden when there is little else in flower.

FRUIT:- Fruiting trees include crab apples, cherries, cherry plums, apples, pears and damsons. If you have a young family, your choice will be restricted to those trees that bear fruit which is not poisonous or diuretic. If in doubt, please contact the nursery, where we will be able to give you advice.

Acacia baileyana 'Purpurea'

Very graceful, rapid growing evergreen tree, whose finely divided blue-grey leaves are flushed deep purple when young. Clusters of bright yellow flowers in late winter. Requires a fertile very well drained soil in sun. Shelter from cold winds. Height 20 to 25 feet.

Acacia dealbata 'Gaulois Astier'

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A superb 'Mimosa' with evergreen bi-pinnate feathery foliage and masses of bright yellow fragrant flowers during March and April. Will flower a month earlier in a frost free greenhouse. Requires a fertile, moist, very well drained soil in sun, but sheltered from the north. Height 15 to 20 feet.

Acacia dealbata

A vigorous evergreen tree with elegant green-grey pinnate leaves. Yellow Mimosa flowers in March and April. Requires a warm sheltered site and a well drained soil. Will not grow in cold exposed gardens. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Acer campestre 'Carnival'

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A lovely deciduous large shrub or small tree whose five lobed leaves are variegated with cream - the new leaves often being pink and cream. Requires a fertile moist but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 10 feet.

Acer campestre 'Postelense'

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Superb form of our native Field Maple whose soft yellow leaves help to lighten a small garden. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 feet.

Acer campestre 'Queen Elizabeth'

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Lovely form of our native Field Maple with a dense habit and rich green leaves which turn a butter yellow in the autumn. Vey hardy. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 to 20 feet.

Acer campestre 'Red Shine'

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Superb medium sized deciduous tree whose green leaves are bright red in the spring. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 20 to 25 feet.

Acer campestre 'Royal Ruby'

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Superb form of our native Field Maple which forms a large shrub or small tree. Lovely coppery-red foliage which intensifies in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. An ideal substitute where Japanese maples will fail to grow. Height 10 to 15 feet.

Acer capillipes

Small deciduous tree with white striped bark and coppery-pink new shoots. Green three lobed leaves turn orange in the autumn. Requires a fertile well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Acer cappadocicum 'Aureum'

Medium sized deciduous tree whose 5-7 lobed leaves are red when young which turn golden yellow and eventually green. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet eventually.

Acer circinatum

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Small deciduous tree with large almost circular seven to nine lobed leaves which turn a brilliant orange and red in the autumn. Requires a fertile slightly acid well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 10 feet in 10 years.

Acer davidii 'Ernest Wilson'

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Really superb, medium sized Snake Bark Maple whose olive-green bark is richly striped with white. Green leaves turn yellow in the autumn. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet.

Acer davidii 'George Forrest'

Superb, deciduous Snake Bark Maple whose green branches are striped with white. Green leaves which turn orange-yellow in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Acer davidii 'Karmen'

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Superb Snake Bark Maple with deep red new leaves and branches. Branches mature to green striped with white. Yellow autumn foliage. Prefers a slightly acid well drained soil in sun. Height 8 to 10 metres.

Acer davidii 'Serpentine'

Lovely deciduous Snake Bark Maple, which is ideal as a focal point. Its olive green, white striped trunk and branches are attractive throughout the year. Yellow autumn foliage. Requires a fertile, slightly acid, well drained soil in sun. Height 25 feet.

Acer davidii

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Lovely medium sized tree whose green trunk and branches are striped with white, green leaves which turn yellow in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Acer griseum

Beautiful small tree whose leaves turn a brilliant red and scarlet in autumn. Old bark curls back to reveal the cinnamon-coloured underbark. Best in a woodland type soil in full sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Acer grosseri hersii

Large shrub or small deciduous tree with colourful autumn foliage. Trunk and branches striped with white. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 12 to 15 feet.

Acer pensylvanicum

Superb deciduous large shrub or small tree whose young branches are green striped with white. Soft yellow autumn foliage. Requires a fertile well drained slightly acid soil and full sun. Height 10 ft in 10 years.

Acer platanoides

Large, native, deciduous tree with green leaves. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Acer platanoides 'Crimson King'

Vigorous, deciduous, spreading tree with large lobed crimson purple leaves, which turn a brilliant orange in the autumn. Tiny deep yellow flowers are borne in the spring. Requires a well drained soil, in sun. Height 40 feet. Spread 25 feet.

Acer platanoides 'Crimson Sentry'

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Very narrow upright tree with large coppery red leaves. Suitable for the smaller garden. Best in full sun. Will grow in most fertile soils. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Acer platanoides 'Drummondii'

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Striking, fast growing tree, which bears conspicuous clusters of yellow flowers on bare stems in spring. Leaves have a marginal white band, and turn bright yellow in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun. Height 30 feet.

Acer platanoides 'Globosum'

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Attractive small deciduous tree with a dense mop-shaped head and large green leaves. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Acer platanoides 'Princeton Gold'

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Striking gold leaf form of the Norwegian Maple, which bears conspicuous clusters of bright yellow flowers on its bare stems in Spring. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun. Height 30 feet.

Acer platanoides 'Schwedleri'

Large deciduous tree with rich crimson purple young leaves which age to green. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Acer pseudoplatanus

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Imposing, large tree. One of the best for exposed situations. Has 5 lobed dark green leaves. Yellow-green flowers are borne in pendent panicles, followed by green, sometimes red, winged fruit. Will grow in any soil in sun or part shade. Height 45 feet in 20 years.

Acer pseudoplatanus 'Brilliantissimum'

Superb slow-growing, deciduous, spreading tree. Lobed leaves are salmon pink when young, then turn yellow and finally dark green in summer. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Mini-standard. Height 8 to 10 feet.

Acer pseudoplatanus 'Esk Sunset'

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A superb, newly introduced low growing deciduous shrub. Whose leaves are richly variegated with pink, salmon-pink and yellow. Ideal small tree for a west facing garden. Will grow in most fertile, moist, but well drianed soils, sheltered from cold wind and hot sunlight. Height 6 to 8 feet.

Acer pseudoplatanus 'Prinz Handjery'

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Neat compact deciduous tree whose leaves are salmon pink in the spring aging first to yellow and then green, the underside of the leaf is flushed with red. Requires a fertile well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 15 feet.

Acer pseudoplatanus 'Simon Louis Freres'

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Beautiful slow growing medium sized tree with green variegated cream, pink and purple leaves. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Acer pseudoplatanus 'Spring Gold'

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Small, slow growing deciduous tree whose young leaves are a soft gold turning green by mid-summer. Prune to shape in July which will encourage an additional flush of gold. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade.

Acer rubrum

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Large deciduous tree whose dark green foliage turns a brilliant red in the autumn. Small red flowers are borne on bare branches in Spring. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils but must have full sun to colour well. Height 40 feet.

Acer saccharinum

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The Silver Maple, which is a large deciduous tree whose five lobed leaves are silver on the underside, creating a lovely affect when ruffled by the wind. Turns yellow to orange or red in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 50 feet.

Acer saccharinum laciniatum

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The Silver Maple. A large deciduous tree whose green deeply cut leaves are silver on the undersides. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet.

Acer saccharinum 'Laciniatum Wieri'

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Large, deciduous tree whose deeply cut leaves are silver on the undersides giving it a bi-colour effect. Lower branches are pendulous with age. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Acer x conspicuum 'Silver Ghost'

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Newly introduced Snake Bark Maple whose trunk and branches are striped with white. Large green leaves which are dusted with white spots. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Acer x conspicuum 'Silver Vein'

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Outstanding Snake Bark Maple whose olive green trunk and branches are richly striped with white. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 20 to 25 feet.

Acer x freemanii 'Armstrong'

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Lovely, reliable American Maple whose green leaves turn excellent shades of orange and flame red in the autumn. Forms a medium sized, round headed tree. Will grow in most fertiloe, moist, but well drained soils and colours best in sun. Will withstand cold, exposed sites. Height 30 feet.

Acer x freemanii 'Autumn Blaze'

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Acer x freemanii 'Celebration'

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Glorious, newly introduced American Maple whose medium sized fresh green leaves turn a vivid orange, pink and red in the autumn. Forms a medium sized, upright, but round headed tree which will grow in most, fertile moistr but well drained soils in sun.. Will withstand cold, exposed sites. Height 30 feet.

Acer 'Silver Cardinal'

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Outstanding new introduction with red new branches, white striped trunk and leaves which are variegated with cream and pink. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil in sun, and shelter from the North-East. Height 12 to 15 feet.

Aesculus hippocastanum

Large, deciduous, round headed tree with large five to seven fingered leaves. Spires of white, yellow blotched flowers in May followed by spiny pods containing conkers. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 60 feet.

Aesculus hippocastanum 'Baumannii'

Large tree not suited to the average sized garden. Double white flowers in May, does not seed. Requires any reasonable soil. Prefers a site in full sun. Height 40 feet.

Aesculus hippocastanum 'Hampton Court Gold'

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Rare form of the common Horse Chestnut whose large leaves are soft yellow in the spring and greenish yellow by mid-summer. Spires of white-yellow to red blotched flowers in early summer. Requires a fertile, well drained soil and shelter from strong sunlight. Height 35 feet.

Aesculus indica 'Sydney Pearce'

Deciduous, spreading tree with glossy dark green leaves, bronze when young, orange or yellow in autumn. Pink-white flowers, marked red and yellow, appear early to mid summer. Full sun, well drained soil. Height 40 feet.

Aesculus x bushii

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Small to medium sized Horse Chestnut which has spires of red, white and yellow flowers in May and June. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun. Height 15 to 20 feet.

Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii'

Medium sized deciduous tree with large 5 to 7 fingered glossy dark green leaves. Spires of red flowers are borne in late spring. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 45 feet.

Aesculus x carnea 'Variegata'

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Rare form of the Red Horse Chestnut with large green-variegated cream leaves and spires of rose pink flowers in early summer. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Ailanthus altissima

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Fast growing, deciduous tree with large green leaves consisting of 15-30 paired oval leaflets. Clusters of green flowers in mid summer, followed by winged green reddish-brown fruits. Prefers a well drained soil and full sun. Height 70 feet. Spread 50 feet.

Ailanthus vilmoriniana

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Large imposing deciduous tree whose large green, ash-like leaves turn yellow in the autumn. Requires a fertile well drained soil in full sun. Height 60 feet.

Albizia julibrissin rosea

A superb, mimosa like shrub or small tree with handsome foliage and fluffy heads of pink flowers in late summer. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil in sun. Excellent for mild localities or sheltered courtyard gardens. Height 10 to 15 feet.

Alnus cordata

Fast growing, deciduous, connical tree. Yellow, male catkins appear in late winter and early spring, followed, by heart shaped, glossy, deep green leaves. Requires full sun and moist soil. Height 60 feet.

Alnus glutinosa 'Aurea'

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Slow growing deciduous tree with yellow young shoots and oval yellow leaves. Orange/yellow catkins are borne in early spring. Will grow in most fertile but wet soils. Ideal at the side of a brook, or lake. Height 40 feet.

Alnus glutinosa 'Laciniata'

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Slow growing deciduous tree whose rounded green leaves are deeply cut to give a lacey effect, yellow catkins in early spring. Will grow in most fertile wet soils. Ideal for brook banks or at the side of a lake. Height 30 feet.

Alnus glutinosa

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Slow growing deciduous, rounded tree with rounded green leaves. Yellow catkins are borne in early spring. Will grow in most fertile, but wet soils. Ideal for brook banks, or at the side of lakes. Height 40 feet.

Alnus incana

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Deciduous, conical tree useful for cold wet areas and poor soils. Yellow brown catkins are carried in late winter and early spring, followed by oval dark green leaves. Requires full sun and moist soil. Height 35 feet in 20 years. Spread 20 feet in 20 years.

Alnus incana 'Aurea'

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Small deciduous tree whose young shoots and leaves are yellow. Yellow tinted red catkins in early spring. Will grow in most fertile soils, even those which are wet. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Alnus incana 'Laciniata'

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North American Elder which is ideal for cold, wet sites. Forming a medium sized tree whose deeply dissecteed leaves are green on the surface and grey beneath. Will grow in most fertile soils, even heavy wet clays. Sun or part shade. Height 25 feet.

Amelanchier canadensis

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A superb, small, deciduous tree with brilliant autumn foliage. Racemes of white flowers in May followed by red berries. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 10 to 12 feet.

Amelanchier laevis

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Deciduous shrub or tree whose leaves emerge a pink-bronze, maturing to dark green, and turn fiery orange-red in the Autumn. Masses of white flowers are borne in spring, followed by red berries. Will grow in moist, fertile soils in sun. Height 10 feet.

Amelanchier laevis 'R.J. Hilton'

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Superb large shrub or small deciduous tree whose copper young foliage contrasts superbly with it's masses of white flowers in spring. Small reddish berries in late summer and firey autumn foliage. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil and autumn foliage colours best in sun. Height 10 to 12 feet.

Amelanchier laevis 'Snowflakes'

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Vigorous deciduous shrub or small tree whose young leaves are tinted purple in the spring and are a fiery orange-red in the autumn. Sprays of pure white flowers in May. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or light shade. Height 10 to 12 feet.

Amelanchier lamarckii

Large shrub or small deciduous tree, whose coppery spring leaves turn green and then a firey orange-red in the autumn. Masses of billowing white flowers in April and May. Requires a moist well drained soil and full sun. Height 10 to 12 feet.

Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Autumn Brilliance'

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Vigorous, deciduous shrub or small tree whose green leaves turn a brilliant fiery orange-red in the autumn. Sprays of pure white flowers in May. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 12 feet.

Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Ballerina'

Beautiful small tree whose green leaves are bronze in the spring and orange-red in the autumn. Masses of white flowers in the spring. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 12 feet.

Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Robin Hill'

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Superb large, deciduous shrub or small tree with masses of pink flower buds which open into pale pink to white flowers in May. Superb, fiery autumn foliage. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 12 feet.

Arbutus unedo rubra

A superb evergreen shrub or small tree with deep green leaves and pink flushed flowers in September followed by red strawberry shaped fruits. Will tolerate lime but grows better in slightly acid soils. Height 10 feet.

Arbutus unedo

Evergreen shrub or small tree with rough, brown bark and glossy, deep green leaves. Pendent, urn-shaped white flowers appear in autumn-winter as previous season's strawberry-like red fruits ripen. Full sun and well drained soil. Height and Spread 8 feet.

Betula albosinensis

Lovely medium sized deciduous tree with glossy green leaves and attractive peeling cream to coppery-red bark. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet.

Betula ermanii

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Deciduous, open-branched, elegant tree that has peeling, pinkish-white bark distinctively marked with large lenticels. Oval, glossy, green leaves give excellent autumn colour. Requires full sun and a well drained soil. Height 50 feet.

Betula nigra 'Heritage'

Superb large, deciduous shaggy bark birch, whose peeling bark reveals the creamy-brown new bark. Glossy green leaves. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 40 to 50 feet.

Betula papyrifera

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Large North American Birch with peeling silvery-white bark and yellow autumn foliage. Small yellow catkins are borne in Spring. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in Sun or part shade. Height 45 feet in 20 years.

Betula pendula

Native Silver Birch which forms a graceful, deciduous tree with a silvery trunk and pendulous ends to the branches. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 50 feet.

Betula pendula 'Dalecarlica'

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Deciduous slender elegant tree, with white bark and lightly pendulous branchlets. Deeply cut leaves have serrated lobes and provide excellent golden colour in autumn. Full sun and well drained soil. Height 30 feet in 20 years

Betula pendula 'Fastigiata'

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Very upright form of our native Silver Birch which forms a medium sized tree with silver bark. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet.

Betula pendula 'Golden Beauty'

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Lovely medium sized tree with soft yellow foliage whose trunk matures to silver-grey. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil shaded from the mid-day sun. Height 25 feet.

Betula pendula 'Purpurea'

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Medium sized Birch whose young stems are a purple-black, the bark turning silver as the tree matures. Deep purple leaves throughout the summer. Requires a fertile, but well drained soil in sun. Height 20 to 25 feet.

Betula pendula 'Silver Cascade'

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Superb small to medium sized tree with graceful weeping branches. The trunk and main branches will turn silver as the tree matures. Ideal as a specimen in a lawn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade.Height 20 feet.

Betula pendula 'Tristis'

Elegant form of our native Silver Birch, with upright branches which weep gracefully at the tips, buff catkins are borne in February. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Betula pendula 'Youngii'

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Deciduous, weeping tree forming a mushroom-shaped dome of thread like branchlets. Has triangular, serrated leaves and smooth, white bark that is fissured black at maturity. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 20 feet.

Betula utilis jacquemontii

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Striking, deciduous, open branched, elegant tree with brilliant white bark. Oval serrated, mid-green leaves turn clear yellow in autumn. Requires full sun and a well drained soil. Height 45 feet.

Betula 'Hergest'

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Unusual Birch which has light shining brown bark and yellow autumn foliage. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 40 to 50 feet.

Caragana arborescens 'Walker'

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Small, elegant, deciduous weeping tree with filigree-like green foliage and small yellow flowers in May and June. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 8 feet.

Carpinus betulus

Deciduous, erect tree with oval, prominently veined, dark green leaves that turn coppery orange in autumn. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata'

Deciduous, erect tree with a very distinctive flame-like outline. Oval, prominently veined, dark green leaves that turn coppery orange in autumn. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Carpinus betulus 'Frans Fontaine'

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Superb narrow, upright deciduous tree with green, beech-like leaves which are retained well into the winter. Ideal as a specimen for a small garden. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 to 20 feet. Spread 3 feet.

Carpinus betulus 'Purpurea'

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An unusual form of Hornbeam, which forms a large, round headed tree. Its young leaves are richly flushed with purple, but these fade to green by midsummer. Will grow in most fertile, moist but well drained soils in sun, or part shade. Height 40 feet.

Castanea sativa

The Sweet Chestnut. A large deciduous tree with large green serrated leaves and yellowish catkins in spring. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 40 to 60 feet.

Castanea sativa 'Albomarginata'

Superb deciduous Sweet Chestnut whose large green leaves have a broad creamy-white margin. Sweet chestnuts are produced in hot years. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 30 to 40 feet.

Castanea sativa 'Marron de Lyon'

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Vigorous tree which, when mature, will produce a large crop of sweet chestnuts in late summer. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 40 to 50 feet.

Castanea sativa 'Variegata'

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Outstanding deciduous tree whose large green leaves are edged and variegated with cream. Large buff catkins in July followed by prickly green nut cases which encase brown edible nuts. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 40 feet.

Catalpa bignonioides 'Aurea'

Small deciduous tree with large, soft yellow leaves and spires of white, foxglove-like flowers in July. Requires a fertile, well-drained soil and shelter from cold winds. Height and spread 25 feet.

Catalpa bignonioides 'Variegata'

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Superb small deciduous tree with large whose large green leaves are variegated with white or cream. Panicles of foxglove-like flowers are produced on mature trees. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil and shelter from strong winds. Height 15 feet.

Catalpa speciosa 'Pulverulenta'

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Large tree whose large green, heart-shaped leaves are splashed all over with creamy-yellow. Panicles of white-purple spotted, foxglove-like flowers in July and August. Requires a fertile, well drained soil and shelter from the north-east. Height 40 to 60 feet in 50 years.

Catalpa x erubescens 'Purpurea'

Medium sized deciduous tree whose large, young leaves are purple-black; these mature to very dark green. Spires of white, yellow red, Foxglove-like flowers in July. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil in sun, but sheltered from cold winds. Height 20 to 30 feet.

Celtis australis

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Rapid growing Nettle Tree, which looks similar to our natural Elm. Broad, lanceolate, rough leaves. Will grow in most fertile, moist, but well drained soils in sun. Height 60 feet,

Cercidiphyllum japonicum

Medium sized Japanese tree whose green leaves resemble those of a Judas Tree. The leaves turn an orange shade in the autumn and smell of burnt sugar. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil sheltered from the morning sun. Height 15 feet in 20 years.

Cercidiphyllum japonicum f. pendulum

Unique small to medium sized, deciduous tree which grows into an elegant weeping mound. Its small heart shaped leaves are a copper-green when young, ageing first to green and then a smokey pink in the autumn when they smell of burnt sugar.Tiny red flowers in April on mature trees. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 12 to 15 feet.

Cercidiphyllum japonicum 'Rotfuchs'

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Lovely small tree whose heart shaped leaves are a deep plum-purple. As the leaves turn orange and pink in the autumn they have a distinct smell of burnt sugar. Tiny red flowers in early spring on mature plants. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun, but sheltered from the morning sun. Height 10 feet.

Cercidiphyllum magnificum

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Lovely small tree with heart shaped green leaves which turn yellow and pink in the autumn. Tiny red flowers on mature plants in the spring. Requires a deep, fertile, fertile, well drained soil in sun. Eventual height 12 feet.

Cercis canadensis

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A small deciduous tree whose red flower buds open into pink flowers in May before its heart-shaped bright green leaves appear. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 15 feet.

Cercis siliquastrum 'Bodnant'

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A superb form of the Judas Tree which is a small deciduous tree bearing masses of deep purple-pink pea shaped flowers, even on the trunk, during May and June; followed by purple-brown pea-like pods in July. Requires fertile well drained soil in full sun. Height 12 feet in 20 years.

Cercis siliquastrum

The Judas Tree which is a small deciduous tree bearing masses of pink flowers, even on the trunk, during May and June. Requires fertile well drained soil in full sun. Height 12 feet in 20 years.

Chitalpha tashkentensis 'Summer Bells'

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Rare, unusual deciduous hybrid tree or large shrub, with green leaves and upright panicles of purplish-white, bell shaped flowers during the summer. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil in sun and shelter from cold winds. Height 10 feet.

Cornus 'Eddie's White Wonder'

Deciduous, spreading tree or shrub. Large, white bracts, surrounding insignificant flowers, appear in late spring. Oval leaves are mid-green, turning red and purple in autumn. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height and spread 15 feet.

Corylus colurna

Deciduous, conical tree. Has broadly oval, strongly toothed, almost lobed, dark green leaves. Long yellow catkins are borne in late winter. Clusters of nuts are set in fringed husks. Requires partial sun and well drained soil. Height 20 metres. Spread 7 metres.

Cotoneaster 'Hybridus Pendulus'

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A superb low growing shrub which is often grown into a small weeping evergreen tree. Narrow, dark green leaves and small white flowers in June which are followed by bright red berries. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 8 feet.

Cotoneaster frigidus 'Cornubia'

Vigorous, semi-evergreen, large shrub or small tree. Clusters of white flowers in early summer are followed by large, pendent clusters of decorative, bright red fruits. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 10 to 12 feet.

Cotoneaster salicifolius 'Pendulus'

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Small weeping evergreen often trained into a standard weeping tree. White flowers followed by masses of red berries in the autumn. Any fertile well drained soil, sun or part shade. Height 10 feet.

Crataegus arnoldiana 'Autumn Glory'

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Very hardy, small, deciduous tree whose green leaves turn a rich orange-red in the autumn. White flowers in May, and red berries in the Autumn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 8 metres.

Crataegus arnoldiana

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Medium sized deciduous tree which is massed with white flowers in May, these are followed by red, cherry sized haws in October which attract birds during the winter. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or light shade. Height 15 to 20 feet.

Crataegus crus-galli

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The Cockspur Thorn which forms a small to medium sized deciduous tree with masses of white flowers in June which are followed by orange-red non-poisonous beries. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 to 30 feet.

Crataegus x grignonensis

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A remarkable American thorn whose rounded green leaves are often retained until early winter. Masses of white flowers in June are followed by bright red haws. Will grow in most fertile moist but well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet.

Crataegus laevigata 'Crimson Cloud'

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Small to medium sized, deciduous tree with masses of single red-white eyed flowers in May and deep red haws during the winter. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Crataegus laevigata 'Gireoudii'

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A remarkable, slow growing, small, deciduous tree with pink and cream variegated young leaves. White flowers in May followed by dark red berries. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or light shade. Prune to shape in March. Height 6 feet.

Crataegus laevigata 'Paul's Scarlet'

Deciduous tree with dark green foliage, and a profusion of small, double scarlet flowers borne in late spring. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Suited to exposed, cold and windy sites. Height 20 feet.

Crataegus laevigata 'Plena'

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Small to medium sized dense, deciduous tree with masses of double white flowers in May. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 to 20 feet in 20 years.

Crataegus laevigata 'Rosea Flore Pleno'

Small to medium sized Hawthorn with a dense head and masses of double pink flowers in May. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 to 20 feet.

Crataegus monogyna

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ENGLISH GROWN. Our native quickthorn. A deciduous shrub which is ideal to form a spiney hedge, 12 inch spacing. White flowers in May with deep red haws following. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height Prune as desired.

Crataegus monogyna 'Biflora'

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Rare. The Glastonbury Thorn. A small tree which produces its leaves in February and white flowers often during the late winter months. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun, as it flowers early. Shelter from cold winds. Height 15 feet.

Crataegus monogyna 'Flexuosa'

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Curious form of our native Quick Thorn whose branches twist and curl in all directions. White flowers in May and red haws in October. Height 12 feet.

Crataegus monogyna 'Stricta'

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Column shaped. Bears white flowers with red berries. Grows in any reasonable soil in sun or partial shade. Height 15 feet.

Crataegus prunifolia

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Deciduous, spreading, thorny tree with green leaves which turn orange and red in the autumn. Clusters of fragrant white flowers, with red anthers, in mid summer and small apple shaped yellow fruits. Requires full and well drained soil. Height 20 feet.

Crataegus x lavalleei 'Carrierei'

Small, dense headed deciduous tree with glossy green leaves which remain until December. White flowers in May and large orange red haws in winter. Will grow in mosdt fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 8 to 10 metres.

Crataegus x lavalleei

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Small, dense, deciduous tree with deep glossy green leaves which are retained until late November. White flowers in May and large orange-red berries during the winter. Will grow in most fertile, well-drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 8 to 10 metres.

Cytisus battandieri 'Yellow Tail'

An outstanding, large semi-evergreen shrub or small tree with silky grey foliage and long racemes of golden, pineapple scented flowers in May and June. Can be trained out on a sunny wall. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 10 feet.

Cytisus battandieri

Semi-evergreen, open shrub or small tree. Leaves have 3 silver-grey leaflets. Large, dense racemes of pineapple-scented, yellow flowers appear from early to mid- summer. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 4m. Spread 4m.

Davidia involucrata

The Pocket Handkerchief Tree. Mature trees are draped with huge white bracts in May. Requires a fertile, well-drained soil, sun or light shade. Height 20 feet.

Davidia involucrata var. vilmoriniana

Outstanding medium sized, deciduous tree, whose tiny flowers have two huge white bracts, which hang like hankerchieves in the branches during May. Will take 15 years to flower. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 15 feet.

Eucalyptus dalrympleana

A vigorous evergreen tree with superb reddish young growth ageing to grey, attractive mottled bark, that peels as it ages. One of the hardiest of the Blue Gums requiring a well drained soil and full sun. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Eucalyptus gunnii

A fast growing evergreen tall shrub with rounded blue-grey young leaves and sickle-shaped adult leaves. Can be pruned each spring to grow as a pyramid. Best grown in a well drained soil in sun or light shade. Height 30 feet in 10 years.

Eucalyptus kybeanensis

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Unusual vigorous evergreen tree with long narrow green leaves. Excellent as cut foliage for flower arranging. Requires a fertile, moist, but very well drained soil in sun. Height 50 to 60 feet unless pruned in March.

Eucalyptus nicholii

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Lovely, medium sized, weeping evergreen tree for a sheltered garden. Narrow blue-green leaves which have a peppermint fragrance. Excellent container plant. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in full sun and shelter from cold winds. Height 20 feet.

Eucalyptus niphophila

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Evergreen, spreading tree. has patchwork-like flaking bark, red-rimmed, grey-green leaves and white flowers in spring. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 40 feet. Spread 15 feet.

Eucalyptus pauciflora

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Outstanding evergreen tree with blue-grey sickle shaped leaves and a trunk which matures to almost white. Yellow flowers on mature trees. Requires a fertile well drained soil and is at its best in sun. Height 30 feet.

Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. debeuzevillei

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Very hardy evergreen tree with beautifully patterned bark and rounded crown. Large green juvenile leaves which become narrow on adult trees. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 30 feet.

Eucalyptus perriniana

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Fast growing, evergreen, medium to large tree with rounded, grey-blue young leaves joined around the stems. Leaves on mature trees are long and pendulous. White flowers appear in late summer. Requires well drained soil in sun. Height 40 to 60 feet.

Eucalyptus pulverulenta 'Baby Blue'

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Lovely evergreen tree which looks like a small form of Eucalyptus gunnii. Blue-green leaves circle the stems to give a superb all around appearance. Excellent as cut foliage. Requires a fertile, moist, but very well drained soil in sun. Height 20 to 30 feet unless pruned in March.

Euonymus hamiltonianus 'Miss Pinkie'

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Recent introduction which forms a small deciduous tree whose foliage turns a firey colour in the autumn. Insignificant flowers are followed by masses of pink seed capsules which open to reveal long lasting orange red seeds. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 12 to 15 feet.

Fagus sylvatica

Deciduous, spreading tree with oval, wavy edged leaves. These are pale green when young, mid to dark green when mature, turning rich yellow in the autumn. Thrives in full sun with well drained soil. Height 30 feet.

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck'

Tall upright Beech which is ideal for the larger garden. Fresh green leaves which turn copper in the autumn. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck Gold'

Superb, very upright deciduous tree whose leaves are yellow in the spring and early summer. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun. Height 30 feet.

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck Purple'

Superb upright deciduous tree with purple-red leaves. Excellent as a focal point. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils but resents shade. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Pendula'

Superb deciduous weeping tree which is ideal for the larger garden. Its long, stiffly pendulous branches have bright green leaves. Beech nuts are produced on mature plants. Will grow in most fertile moist but well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 40 feet.

Fagus sylvatica 'Purple Fountain'

Superb weeping Beech with outstanding purple foliage. Excellent focal point in a lawn. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 15 to 20 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea'

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The well known Purple Beech which will eventually form a large, deciduous tree with deep purple leaves. Edible beech nuts are produced on mature trees. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea Pendula'

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Slow growing, weeping tree with superb purple foliage. Ideal as a specimen in a lawn. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea Tricolor'

Attractive deciduous tree whose purple leaves are often edged with pink. Will grow in most fertile soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Riversii'

Medium sized, deciduous tree whose rich purple leaves are the most outstanding of Purple Beeches. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Obelisk'

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Superb Beech which forms a tight upright column of branches clothed with rich purple leaves. Ideal as a focal point in a medium sized garden. Prefers a fertile, slightly limey soil which is moist but well drained. Foliage is a better colour in the sun. Height 25 feet in 50 years.

Fagus sylvatica var. heterophylla 'Aspleniifolia'

Lovely Beech which has green, deeply cut, fern-like leaves. A large tree which forms a magnificent focal point. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 40 to 60 feet.

Fagus sylvatica 'Zlatia'

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Slow growing tree which is upright as a young tree spreading with age. Leaves are a soft yellow in the spring and early summer, aging to pale green. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Ficus carica

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A vigorous large shrub or small tree which is best on a south wall or fence. Large fruits which are brown when ripe. Plant in a fertile well drained soil in a large tub or with a restricted root run to ensure fruiting. Height 10 feet.

Fraxinus angustifolia 'Variegata'

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Medium-sized deciduous tree whose leaves are richly variegated with cream. Although an ash tree it does need some protection from cold winds and will scorch if too dry. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 15 feet in 20 years.

Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa 'Raywood'

Vigorous, deciduous, spreading tree of elegant habit. Leaves have 5-7 narrowly oval, glossy, dark green leaflets that turn bright reddish-purple in autumn. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 45 feet.

Fraxinus excelsior 'Jaspidea'

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Yellow branches with golden foliage in spring and autumn. Grows in any reasonable soil. Prefers sun or partial shade. Height 30 to 40 feet.

Fraxinus excelsior 'Pendula'

Large weeping tree. Any reasonable soil. Prefers sun or part shade. Height 25 feet.

Gleditsia triacanthos 'Rubylace'

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Neat, small to medium sized, deciduous tree whose feathery green leaves are richly stained with ruby red when young. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun. Height 20 feet.

Gleditsia triacanthos 'Sunburst'

Deciduous, spreading tree with fern like glossy foliage that is golden yellow when young, deep green in summer. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 30 feet in 20 years.

Halesia carolina

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A superb large, deciduous shrub or small tree whose branches are masses with white, bell like flowers in April & May. Requires a slightly acid, well drained soil in sun. Height 10 feet.

Halesia monticola var. vestita

Mountain Snowdrop Tree. Clusters of pendant bell-like flowers in white, sometimes flushed pink, are produced in May; winged fruit often follow. Fine yellow autumn colour. Requires a slightly acidic soil in sun or part shade. Height 20 feet.

Hoheria sexstylosa 'Stardust'

A large shrub or small upright evergreen tree with oval, toothed green leaves and pure white flowers mid to late summer. Requires a fertile, well drained soil sheltered from cold winds. Height 10 to 15 feet.

Hoheria sexstylosa

An outstanding New Zealand evergreen which forms a large shrub or small tree with narrow green leaves and masses of white, star like flowers in July and August. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil and shelter from cold winds. Height 10 to 15 feet.

Ilex aquifolium 'Argentea Marginata' (f)

Female. Very dense evergreen Holly whose green spine tipped leaves are brightly edged with cream. Ideal as a border or hedging plant. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in sun or part shade. Height 15 feet in 20 years.

Juglans regia

Slow growing deciduous, spreading tree with aromatic leaves which are bronze purple when young. Produces edible nuts after a number of years. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Juglans regia 'Broadview'

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Superb deciduous tree which produces crops of walnuts at between 6 and 8 years old. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Resents cold windy sites. Height 20 feet in 20 years.

Koelreuteria paniculata

Lovely deciduous, spreading tree with mid green leaves, turning yellow in autumn. Bears sprays of yellow flowers in summer, followed by inflated, bronze pink fruits. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Height and spread 20 feet.

Koelreuteria paniculata 'Rosseels'

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Medium sized deciduous tree whose large pinnate leaves are coppery-red in the spring and turn yellow in the autumn. Panicles of small yellow flowers in July and August are followed by bladder-like seed pods. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 25 to 35 feet.

Laburnocytisus (+) 'Adamii'

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Very unusual graft hybrid between a Laburnum and a Broom. Forms a small to medium sized tree with racemes of yellow or pink flowers in June. Seeds are poisonous. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun Height 15 feet

Laburnum alpinum 'Pendulum'

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Superb small deciduous dome shaped weeping tree with drooping racemes of yellow flowers in June. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun. Poisonous if eaten. Height 9 feet in 20 years.

Laburnum anagyroides var. alschingeri

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Unique dwarf Laburnum which is ideal for a small garden or even to grow as a specimen in a tub. Pendulous racemes of golden flowers in May/June are followed by small pods which are best removed as they contain poisonous seeds. Will grow in most fertile, moist but well drained soils in sun. Height as small, grafted standards 5 to 6 feet.

Laburnum x watereri 'Alfords Weeping'

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Vigorous small, deciduous tree with wide spread weeping branches. Pendulous racemes of golden flowers in June. Will grow in most fertile, well drained soils in Sun. Seeds poisonouse if eaten. Height 4 metres.

Laburnum x watereri 'Vossii'

Deciduous, spreading tree with glossy dark green leaves. Pendent chains of large yellow flowers are borne in late spring and early summer. Requires full sun and well drained soil. Caution: Poisonous if eaten. Height 18 feet.

Liquidambar acalycina

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Medium sized deciduous tree which is very upright when young. Large green maple-like leaves which are bronze when young and change to a rich yellow in the autumn. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil and will not thrive in chalky soils. Height 30 feet.

Liquidambar formosana
Beautiful medium sized deciduous tree whose green, three to five lobed, maple-like leaves are tinted red in the spring and again in the autumn. Requires a fertile well drained soil in sun or light shade. Height 25 to 30 feet.
Liquidambar styraciflua	---
Medium sized deciduous tree with green maple-like foliage which turns a lovely crimson in the autumn. Requires a fertile soil in sun or part shade. Height 25 feet in 20 years.
Liquidambar styraciflua 'Lane Roberts'
Outstanding, hardy, deciduous tree whose green five fingered maple-like leaves turn a remarkable black-red in the autumn. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Resents chalky soils. Height 40 feet.
Liquidambar styraciflua 'Manon'	---
Outstanding, medium sized tree whose maple-like green leaves are richly edged with creamy white. The autumn foliage is a glorious burgundy-red. Requires a fertile, moist but well drained soil and looks at it's best as a specimen in good light. Height 18 to 20 feet.
Liquidambar styraciflua 'Variegata'	---
Outstanding medium sized, but slow growing tree whose maple-like leaves are richly variegated with yellow. Requires a fertile, moist but not waterlogged soil in sun. Height 20 feet in 20 years.
Liquidambar styraciflua 'Worplesdon'
Hardy deciduous tree with green five to seven lobed leaves which resemble those of a Japanese Maple. Rich burgundy-red and yellow autumn foliage. Will grow in most fertile well drained soils in sun or light shade. Height 30 feet.
Liriodendron tulipifera 'Aureomarginatum'
Beautiful deciduous tree with large leaves which are green and richly bordered with creamy-yellow. Pale yellow tulip shaped flowers are borne on mature trees. Requires a fertile well drained soil in sun. Height 25 feet in 20 years.
Liriodendron tulipifera 'Fastigiatum'	---
Lovely, unusual deciduous tree with a neat, upright habit and three lobed leaves, the centre lobe appearing to have its end cut off. Yellow-green flowers in June on mature trees. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun or part shade. Height 40 feet.
Liriodendron tulipifera 'Glen Gold'	---
Beautiful medium to large deciduous tree whose three lobed leaves are a lovely soft yellow. Yellow-green tulip shaped flowers on mature trees. Requires a fertile, moist, but well drained soil in sun. Height 30 to 40 feet.
Liriodendron tulipifera
Large deciduous tree with unusual three lobed leaves, the middle lobe having it's end cut straight across. Greenish-yellow, tulip-shaped flowers are borne on mature trees in June. Requires a fertile, well drained soil in sun. Height 60 feet.
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